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In Arizona, what might start as a straightforward criminal charge can quickly escalate into something far more serious when prosecutors tack on aggravating factors. Things like prior convictions, especially for violent offenses, can turn a bad situation worse. But even without a criminal record, other elements—like committing a crime while impersonating an officer, targeting a…

In the recent case of State v. Schalk, the Arizona Court of Appeals upheld the convictions of David Schalk for kidnapping and aggravated assault. This decision provides insight into the appellate process and underscores the importance of jury impartiality and the handling of potential biases during trial. Case Background In June 2022, David Schalk and…

If an officer detains you because he suspects you have committed a crime, you have certain rights under the law. These interactions can be frustrating and intimidating, which makes it important to understand ahead of time what you can and cannot do. One question our clients have sometimes asked is whether the officer can ask…

A person’s handwriting can come back to haunt them, and evidence in the trial court’s record of the defendant’s handwriting can end up helping the prosecution meet its burden to prove a defendant guilty. In a recent case before the Arizona Court of Appeals, Division Two, the defendant appealed a trial court’s decision to admit…

In Arizona, an officer that sees an individual commit a traffic violation can reasonably initiate a traffic stop. The traffic stop must only last the brief amount of time that it takes an officer to address the traffic violation with the driver. Then, in general, the officer must let the driver leave. In certain circumstances,…